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The Lives of the Georgian Saints
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| Lives of the Georgian Saints was translated into English in 2002, on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the enthronement and the 70th anniversary of the birth of HIS HOLINESS ILIA II, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia. |
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| The new Holy Trinity Cathedral in Tbilisi, consecrated in November, 2004. |
“The whole mellow land of Georgia lies before, with
its fresh meadows and its lusty uplands, its bright
vineyards and its somber woods, its warm gracious sun and
sudden looming storms. Georgia, like some other countries,
has a color. Ireland is green and grey. Morocco is all
red. Georgia is a fine yellow gold like the white wines of
Burgundy. The impression of the color is partly of the
sunlight and partly of the tincture of the soil, but also
there is some property in the atmosphere, intangible and
not easily described, a bouquet, almost imperceptible,
which envelops and caresses, fragrant and soft, insidious.
The Greeks spoke of the Land of the Golden Fleece, it is
supposed because of the scant alluvial gold, filtered in
sheepskins from the beds of the westward-flowing streams
of the Caucasus.
But it may be that their fancy thus imaged as a Golden
Fleece that aureous hue which lies over all the country
like, as it were, to an illumined dew upon the surface of
the land.”
W. E. D. Allen, A History of the Georgian People.
Translator’ note
The task of translating a text of this nature presented us
with a special challenge, since the nuances of the
language contribute so much to its power. To translate Fr.
Zakaria’s text into English we drew on both the
original, Georgian-language edition and its Russian
translation. We discovered a stark contrast in style
between the original and the Russian version: the Georgian
text was full of color, ornamentation, and elaboration,
while the Russian seemed to simply retell the facts of the
saints’ lives. In our own translation, we sought to
strike a balance between the spirited Georgian edition and
the rather bland Russian version and, in so doing, to
preserve the unique tone of the original without appearing
overly sentimental.
The national hero status of the Georgian saints, as
presented in this book, testifies to the deep roots of
Orthodox Christianity in Georgia and, accordingly, to the
immutable bond the Church has forged with the national
culture of the Georgian people. This translation is far
from perfect, and we ask in advance for your forgiveness.
We pray and supplicate our Lord Jesus Christ and all the
holy men and women whose lives are recounted herein to
pardon our errors as well. May it be, according to
God’s will, that the Georgian nation finds peace
within its borders and that its Holy Apostolic Orthodox
Church will prosper and continue to shine forth as a
beacon of light and hope in our fallen world.
Through the prayers and intercessions of the Most Holy
Mother of God and of all the saints commemorated in this
book, Lord Jesus
Christ Our God, have mercy on us and save us. Amen!
David and Lauren Elizabeth Ninoshvili
Christ our God was crucified for the sake of the
world, and we likewise have been crucified for His sake.
We bared our breasts for this small Georgia, and on our
breasts, as on a rock, we erected a temple to the
Christian God. Instead of stone we offered our bones,
and instead of lime we offered our blood, and the gates
of hell will not prevail against it!
—Saint Ilia Chavchavadze the Righteous
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| Archpriest Zakaria Machitadze. «The Lives of the Georgian Saints» |
The Georgian land is soaked in the blood of
its people — people who gave their lives for the
peace of the Church and for their motherland. In a
single day, one hundred thousand Georgians revealed
their perfect love for our Lord, and each was in turn
sanctified with the crown of martyrdom. In a single
night, a mob of godless men slaughtered six thousand
monks in the Davit-Gareji Wilderness[1]. The monastery’s
environs, as a result, abound with sacred relics.
Today, in the region of Atchara in southwestern
Georgia, even those believers who were forcibly
converted to Islam are healed of their infirmities when
they venerate the relics of the local saints.More than
a millennium later, the body of a ninth-century monk
still lies incorrupt at ZarzmaMonastery, and even his
garments are preserved by the Master of the Ages.
All those Georgians who suffered and were crucified for
Christ have had their names and good works raised to the
heavens, and among them the Georgian Church recognizes a
few remarkable individuals whom the Lord has set forth as
an example for generations to come.We are called to know
them, to become familiar with their lives and their works,
and to reverently honor their memories.
As early as the 10th century, St. Giorgi Merchule, who
gave us The Life of St. Grigol of Khandzta,
lamented that many good works and lives of righteous ones
had already been lost with the passage of time.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Catholicos-Patriarch
Leonid expressed a deep regret at the “crime,
culpability, insolence, and negligence” plaguing his
nation. He lifted up a prayer to all the saints of his
beloved Georgia: “I beseech you, do not despise your
prodigal, ungrateful, and unworthy spiritual children.
Pray with all your compassionate zeal to our Hope, the
Most Holy Theotokos, for through her can we rekindle our
flame of love for the Christian Faith.”
His Holiness Ilia II, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia
writes: “When we reflect on our past, we are
astonished at how the Georgian nation has retained its
language, its Christian Faith, and its culture despite all
the resistance it has faced. Our fortitude and spiritual
endurance appear to be rooted in the unshakable Christian
soil on which we stand. Even in times of war, the Georgian
people have built new churches and monasteries and
continued to forge their extraordinary culture. We must
continue the great works for which our forefathers
died.”
We, the authors, have tried sincerely to gather
information on the Georgian saints, to rectify our own
“insolence and negligence,” and to continue in
the great works of our ancestors. We have compiled the
stories of our nation’s saints and attempted to
faithfully render their holy icons.
In the text that follows you will find many mistakes that
are the result of ignorance and carelessness. We ask in
advance for your forgiveness.
[1] The Davit-Gareji Wilderness
is located in southeastern Georgia. The area takes its
name from one of the Thirteen Syrian Fathers, St. Davit
of Gareji, who settled there. Some twenty monasteries
and sketes, including the St. Davit Lavra (also known
as Davit-Gareji Monastery) and the St. John the Baptist
Monastery, are located within the Davit-Gareji
Wilderness. Three of the monasteries are active today.
The Feast of the Robe of our Lord, the Myrrh-streaming and Life-giving Pillar, Equals-to-the-Apostles King Mirian and Queen Nana, and Saints Sidonia and Abiatar (4th century) Holy Great-martyr Queen Ketevan (†1624) Holy Confessors Ioane (Maisuradze) and Giorgi-Ioane (Mkheidze) (†1957 & †1960) Holy Royal Martyr Queen Shushanik (†475) Saint Ekvtime (Kereselidze) the Confessor (†1944) Venerable Anton of Martqopi, the Stylite (6th century) Venerable Hieromonk Alexi (Shushania) (†1923) Venerable Eprem the Lesser, the Philosopher (†1101) Saints Salome of Ujarma and Perozhavra of Sivnia (4th century) Venerable Giorgi the Scribe and His Brother Saba, of Khakhuli (11th century) Holy Martyr Ioane, Abbot of Zedazeni Monastery (9th century) All Saints of Georgia Saint Ise of Tsilkani (6th century) Holy Catholicos Petre and Holy Catholicos Samoel (5th–6th centuries) Holy King Vakhtang Gorgasali (†502) Holy Martyr Abibos of Nekresi (6th century) Holy Hieromartyr Grigol (Peradze) (†1942) Venerable Ilarion the Georgian (†875) Great-martyr Mikael-Gobron and His 133 Soldiers (†914) Great-martyr Constantine-Kakhi (†852) Holy and Righteous Ioane, Stepane, and Isaiah the Georgians Venerable Nikoloz, Radiant Star of the Georgians (†1308) The Hundred Thousand Martyrs of Tbilisi (†1227) Saint Iotam Zedgenidze (†1465) Venerable Serapion of Zarzma (†900) Holy Hieromartyr Neopite of Urbnisi (7th century) Holy Hierarch Alexandre, Bishop of Guria and Samegrelo (†1907) Holy Martyr Nikoloz Dvali (†1314) Holy Martyr Kozman Holy Catholicos-Patriarch Ioseb the Wonderworker (†1770) Holy Hierarch Anton of Chqondidi and His Disciple Hieromonk Iakob the Elder (18th–19th centuries) Venerable Ioseb of Khevi, Elder and Wonderworker (†1763) Venerable Fathers and Mothers of the Klarjeti Wilderness (8th–10th centuries) Venerable Grigol of Khandzta (†861) Holy Hieromartyr Evdemoz, Catholicos-Patriarch of Georgia (†1642) Great-martyrs Davit and Constantine (†740) Saint Melchizedek, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia (11th century) Venerable Onopre of Gareji, the Wonderworker (18th century) Arrival of the Iveron Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos in Georgia (1989) Holy Catholicos Arsen the Great (†887) Holy Martyrs Bidzina, Shalva, and Elizbar (†1661) Holy Martyrs, the Brothers Isaak and Ioseb the Georgians (†808) Venerable Abba Ioseb of Alaverdi (†570) Holy Hieromartyr Dositeos of Tbilisi (†1795) Venerable Svimeon the Wonderworker (†1773) Venerable Serapion the Wonderworker of St. John the Baptist Monastery (†1774) Holy Catholicos Sarmean (†774) Saint Tbeli Abuseridze (13th century) Holy Martyr Kristepore Guruli Holy Martyrs Metropolitan Nazar of Kutaisi-Gaenati, Priests German, Ieroteos and Simon, Archdeacon Besarion, and All the New Martyrs of the Totalitarian Regime (†1924) Venerable Martyrs Geronti, Serapion, German, Besarion, Mikael, Svimeon, and Otar of the Davit-Gareji Monastery (†1851) Venerable Ekvtime, Abbot of the Monastery of St. John the Baptist (†1804) The Nine Kherkheulidze Brothers with Their Mother and Sister and Nine Thousand Martyrs of Marabda (†1625) Saint Razhden, Protomartyr of the Georgian Church (†457) Saint Arsen, Bishop of Ninotsminda (†1082) Saint Tsotne Dadiani the Confessor (13th century) Holy Martyr Evstati of Mtskheta (†589) Venerable Giorgi of Mt. Athos, the Builder (†1029) Saint Ilarion of Tvali (†1041) Saint Ilia the Righteous (†1907) Holy Martyr Salome the Georgian (13th century) Holy Hieromartyr Kozman (†1630) Venerable Fathers Ioane and Gabriel of Mt. Athos (10th century) Holy Royal Martyr Mirdat, King of Kartli (†410) Venerable Giorgi the God-bearer (†1068) Feast of the Robe of the Most Holy Theotokos Holy Queen Dinar (10th century) Holy Hieromartyr Kirion, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia (†1918) Venerable Father Giorgi of the Holy Mountain(†1065) Holy Royal Martyrs Archil and Luarsab (†744 & †1622) Holy Martyr Shalva of Akhaltsikhe (†1227) Saint Kaikhosro the Georgian (†1612) Saint Antimos of Iberia, Metropolitan of Wallachia (†1716) Venerable Ioane-Tornike of Mt. Athos (10th century) Holy Hieromartyr Tevdore (†1609) Holy Monk-martyrs Shio the New, Davit, Gabriel, and Pavle of Gareji (†1696–1700) Venerable Mikael of Parekhi (8th–9th centuries) Venerable Basil, Son of King Bagrat (11th century) Venerable Damiane (†1157) Venerable Zabulon and Sosana, Parents of the Equal-to-the-Apostles Nino (4th century) The Entry into Georgia of the Equal-to-the-Apostles Nino, Enlightener of Georgia (323) Holy Martyrs, the Brothers Davit and Tarichan (†693) Holy Martyrs Killed by the Latins at the Iveron Monastery on Mt. Athos (13th century) Venerable Ekvtime of Mt. Athos, the Translator(†1028) Blessed Kristesia, Called Kristepore (†1771) Repose of Venerable Shio of Mgvime (6th century) Venerable Ioane of Zedazeni and His Twelve Disciples (6th century) Venerable Fathers Mikael and Arsen the Georgians (9th century) Holy Catholicos Mamai (†744) Holy Hierarch Zosime of Kumurdo (16th century) Holy Queen Tamar (†1213) Holy Martyrs of Lazeti (17th–18th centuries) Venerable Basil Ratishvili (13th century) Saint Eprem the Great of Atsquri (9th century) Holy Martyr Sukia and His Sixteen Companions (ca. 100–130) Holy Martyrs of Kvabtakhevi Monastery (†1386) Saint Giorgi of Atsquri (9th–10th centuries) Venerable Ioane of Shavta, Bishop of Gaenati, and Evlogi the Prophet and Fool-for-Christ (13th century) Venerable Ioane of Manglisi (†1751) Venerable Hieromartyr Gabriel the Lesser (†1802) Venerable Father Pimen, Fool-for-Christ and Enlightener of Dagestan, and His Companion Anton Meskhi, the Censurer of Kings (13th century) Saint Ambrosi the Confessor, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia (†1927) Holy King Demetre the Devoted (†1289) Holy Hierarch Ioane of Khakhuli, Also Called Chrysostom (10th–11th centuries) Saint Ioane (Chrysostom) the Catholicos (†1001) Saint Nino, Equal-to-the-Apostles and Enlightener of Georgia (†335 AD)
06 / 03 / 2007
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